Cement Kiln Dust (CKD): Potential Beneficial Applications and Eco-Sustainable Solutions

Over many decades, cement has been the primary component in construction projects and is considered one of essential industries worldwide. At same time, it overconsumes natural resources can negatively impact environment through a few byproducts, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) kiln dust (CKD). The generated quantity CKD estimated to be 15–20% produced cement, which means induced hundreds millions metric tons synchronously with annual global production. Unfortunately, not all materials are suitable for recycling manufacturing since contains high levels alkalis, sulfate, chloride, leading excessive concentrations final product. Therefore, industrial utilization become highly recommended recent research potential beneficial application from economic, environmental, sustainability perspectives. This review paper highlights discusses recently conducted articles that investigate applications CKD. obtained outcomes showed physical chemical properties make practical fields, soil stabilization, concrete mix, treatment, ceramic brick manufacturing, mine backfill. They also indicate lack studies investigating backfill partial replacement material due cost binders, optimization, purposes.